Process mining extracts process models from digital footprints in ERP, CRM, and workflow systems, revealing how processes actually operate versus how they were designed. It identifies bottlenecks, compliance violations, variants, and inefficiencies through visual process maps and performance analytics. Organizations use it for operational risk identification, control monitoring, and process optimization. A healthcare system applied process mining to patient admission workflows, discovering 47 process variants, identifying a bottleneck causing 4-hour delays, and uncovering 230 cases where mandatory authorization checks were bypassed.