FMEA analyzes how components, systems, or processes might fail and assesses the severity, occurrence probability, and detection likelihood of each failure mode. Risk Priority Numbers (RPN) are calculated by multiplying these three factors to rank risks and guide mitigation priorities. FMEA can be applied to designs (DFMEA) or processes (PFMEA) to proactively prevent failures. An aircraft manufacturer conducting FMEA on hydraulic systems identified 17 potential failure modes, prioritized five with RPN scores above 200, and implemented redundant backup systems for the highest-risk scenarios.