Threat modeling systematically analyzes how adversaries might exploit vulnerabilities in assets, enabling proactive security design and control implementation. The process typically involves defining system architecture, identifying threat actors and attack vectors, assessing likelihood and impact, and prioritizing countermeasures. For example, a software team might use STRIDE methodology to identify spoofing, tampering, and denial-of-service threats during application design. This practice shifts security left in the development lifecycle, reducing costly remediation later. Organizations use frameworks like PASTA, VAST, or OCTAVE to structure their threat modeling efforts.